1139
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1139 by topic |
|---|
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1139 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1139 MCXXXIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 1892 |
| Armenian calendar | 588 ԹՎ ՇՁԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5889 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1060–1061 |
| Bengali calendar | 546 |
| Berber calendar | 2089 |
| English Regnal year | 4 Ste. 1 – 5 Ste. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1683 |
| Burmese calendar | 501 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6647–6648 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊午年 (Earth Horse) 3836 or 3629 — to — 己未年 (Earth Goat) 3837 or 3630 |
| Coptic calendar | 855–856 |
| Discordian calendar | 2305 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1131–1132 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4899–4900 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1195–1196 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1060–1061 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4239–4240 |
| Holocene calendar | 11139 |
| Igbo calendar | 139–140 |
| Iranian calendar | 517–518 |
| Islamic calendar | 533–534 |
| Japanese calendar | Hōen 5 (保延５年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1045–1046 |
| Julian calendar | 1139 MCXXXIX |
| Korean calendar | 3472 |
| Minguo calendar | 773 before ROC 民前773年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −329 |
| Seleucid era | 1450/1451 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1681–1682 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳土马年 (male Earth-Horse) 1265 or 884 or 112 — to — 阴土羊年 (female Earth-Goat) 1266 or 885 or 113 |
Year 1139 (MCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
[edit]By region
[edit]Asia
[edit]- July 8 or August 21 – Jin–Song Wars – Battle of Yancheng: Song dynasty general Yue Fei defeats an army led by Jin dynasty general Wuzhu.[1]
- September 30 – A magnitude 7.7 earthquake strikes the Caucasus mountains in the Seljuk Empire, causing great devastation and killing 300,000 people.[2]
Europe
[edit]- January 25 – Godfrey II, Count of Louvain becomes Duke of Lower Lorraine.[3][4][5]
- April 8 – Second Council of the Lateran: Roger II of Sicily is excommunicated by Pope Innocent II.[6][7]
- April 9 – The Treaty of Durham is signed, between King Stephen of England and David I of Scotland.[8][9][10]
- July 22 – Pope Innocent II, invading the Kingdom of Sicily, is ambushed at Galluccio and taken prisoner.[11][12]
- July 25
- By the Treaty of Mignano, Pope Innocent II proclaims Roger II of Sicily as King of Sicily, Duke of Apulia and Prince of Capua.[13][14][15]
- Battle of Ourique: The independence of Portugal from the Kingdom of León is declared after the Almoravids, led by Ali ibn Yusuf, are defeated by Prince Afonso Henriques. He then becomes Afonso I, King of Portugal, after calling the first assembly of the Estates-General of Portugal at Lamego, where he is given the Crown from the Bishop of Bragança, to confirm the independence.[16][17]
By topic
[edit]Education
[edit]- King's School, Pontefract, in England is founded.
Religion
[edit]- April – Second Council of the Lateran: The Anacletus schism is settled, and priestly celibacy is made mandatory within the Catholic Church.[18][19][20]
- November – Alberic of Ostia, papal legate to Outremer, convenes a legatine council in the cathedral of Antioch to examine the conduct of the Latin patriarch. The council is also attended by the Armenian Catholicos Gregory III and marks a symbolic beginning for Armenian-Latin ecclesiastic high-level contacts.[21][22]
Births
[edit]- June 16 – Emperor Konoe of Japan (d. 1155)[23][24]
- Agnes II – abbess and artist (d. 1203)
- Conon of Naso, Basilian abbot (d. 1236)[25]
Deaths
[edit]- January 25 – Godfrey I, Count of Louvain and Duke of Lower Lorraine (as Godfrey VI)[26][27][28]
- February 18 – Prince Yaropolk II of Kiev (b. 1082)[29][30]
- October 20 – Henry X, Duke of Bavaria[31][32]
- December – Roger of Salisbury, English bishop[33][34][35]
- Empress Xing of China (b. 1106)[36]
References
[edit]- ^ Yong, Tong (2012). "Yancheng, Battle Of (1139)". In Li, Xiaobing (ed.). China at War: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, CA, Denver, CO and Oxford: ABC-CLIO. pp. 510–511. ISBN 9781598844153.
- ^ Ulomov, V.I.; Medvedeva, N.S. (2014). "Специализированный каталог землетрясений для задач общего сейсмического районирования территории Российской Федерации" [Specialized catalog of earthquakes for the purpose of general seismic zoning of the territory of the Russian Federation] (PDF). O.Y. Smidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022.
- ^ Bijsterveld, Arnoud-Jan (2007). Do Ut Des: Gift Giving, Memoria, and Conflict Management in the Medieval Low Countries. Hilversum, Netherlands: Uitgeverij Verloren. p. 112. ISBN 9789065509581.
- ^ Avonds, Piet (2016) [2001]. "Brabant, Duchy of". In Jeep, John M. (ed.). Routledge Revivals: Medieval Germany (2001): An Encyclopedia. New York and London: Taylor & Francis. p. 72. ISBN 9781351665407.
- ^ Boffa, Sergio (2004). Warfare in Medieval Brabant, 1356-1406. Woodbridge, UK: Boydell & Brewer. pp. xxvii. ISBN 9781843830610.
- ^ Gillespie, Alexander (2016). "Volume II: 1000 CE to 1400 CE". The Causes of War. Oxford and Portland, OR: Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. 56–57. ISBN 9781782259541.
- ^ Houben, Hubert (2002). Roger II of Sicily: A Ruler Between East and West. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 70–71. ISBN 9780521655736.
- ^ White, Graeme J. (2000). Restoration and Reform, 1153–1165: Recovery from Civil War in England. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 50. ISBN 9781139425230.
- ^ Crouch, David (2013) [2000]. The Reign of King Stephen: 1135-1154. London and New York: Routledge. p. 323. ISBN 9781317892977.
- ^ Dalton, Paul (2002) [1994]. Conquest, Anarchy and Lordship: Yorkshire, 1066-1154. Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 196. ISBN 9780521524643.
- ^ Evans, G. R. (2000). Bernard of Clairvaux. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 15. ISBN 9780198028994.
- ^ Stroll, Mary (1987). The Jewish Pope: Ideology and Politics in the Papal Schism of 1130. Brill Studies in Intellectual History. Vol. 8. Leiden, New York, Copenhagen and Cologne: BRILL. p. 80. ISBN 9789004246577.
- ^ Birk, Joshua C. (2016). Norman Kings of Sicily and the Rise of the Anti-Islamic Critique: Baptized Sultans. New York: Springer. p. 122. ISBN 9783319470429.
- ^ Takayama, Hiroshi (1993). The Administration of the Norman Kingdom of Sicily. The Medieval Mediterranean. Leiden, Boston and Köln: BRILL. p. 64. ISBN 9789004098657.
- ^ Thierry, Augustin (2011). History of the Conquest of England by the Normans: Its Causes, and Its Consequences, in England, Scotland, Ireland, and on the Continent. Cambridge Library Collection. Vol. 2. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 203. ISBN 9781108030243.
- ^ Solé, Glória; Reis, Diana; Machado, Andreia (Autumn 2016). "The Potentialities Of Using Historical Fiction And Legends In History Teaching: A Study With Primary Education Portuguese Students". History Education Research Journal. 14 (1): 143. doi:10.18546/HERJ.14.1.11 (inactive July 28, 2024).
The second fictional narrative, Legend Of Ourique Miracle, Gentil Marques' version (1997), focuses on the Battle of Ourique, 1139, which was fought between Christians and Moors in the Alentejo (South of Portugal), during the Christian reconquest process. D. Afonso Henriques had planned to conquer land in the south of Portugal and also seize cattle, slaves and other booty. Despite being out numbered by Muslim forces, according to legend, the Portuguese were able in the battle, with God's help, to capture five Moorish kings and their troops. After this resounding victory D. Afonso Henriques proclaimed himself King of Portugal (or was acclaimed by his troops still on the battlefield). Accordingly from 1140 he used the denomination Portugallensis Rex (King of Portucalian or King of the Portuguese).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2024 (link) - ^ A Handbook for Travellers in Portugal: A Complete Guide for Lisbon, Cintra, Mafra, Evora, the British Battle-fields, Santarem, Alcobaça, Batalha, Coimbra, Busaco, Oporto, Braga, Guimarães, the Caldas and Mountain-passes, &c. London, Paris and Lisbon: John Murray. 1875. pp. 54–55.
- ^ Lea, Henry Charles (1867). An Historical Sketch of Sacerdotal Celibacy in the Christian Church. Philadelphia, PA: J.B. Lippincott. pp. 328–329.
1139 Lateran Celibacy.
- ^ Dusil, Stephan (2018). "Chapter 7: The Emerging Jurisprudence, the Second Lateran Council of 1139 and the Development of Canonical Impediments". In Eichbauer, Melodie H.; Summerlin, Danica (eds.). The Use of Canon Law in Ecclesiastical Administration, 1000–1234. Leiden and Boston: BRILL. p. 140. ISBN 9789004387249.
- ^ Kelly, John Norman Davidson; Walsh, Michael J. (2010) [1986]. A Dictionary of Popes. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p. 169. ISBN 9780199295814.
- ^ Runciman, Steven (December 3, 1987). A History of the Crusades. CUP Archive. p. 221. ISBN 978-0-521-34771-6. Retrieved February 20, 2024.
- ^ Clapp, James A.; Dadoyan, Seta B. (September 8, 2017). The Armenians in the Medieval Islamic World: Armenian Realpolitik in the Islamic World and Diverging Paradigmscase of Cilicia Eleventh to Fourteenth Centuries. Routledge. p. 218. ISBN 978-1-351-48576-0. Retrieved February 23, 2024.
- ^ Jien; Brown, Delmer Myers; Ishida, Ichirō (1979). 愚管抄: A Translation and Study of the Gukanshō, an Interpretative History of Japan Written in 1219. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press. p. 324. ISBN 9780520034600.
- ^ Kwon, Yung-Hee K.; Kim, Yung-Hee (1994). Songs to Make the Dust Dance: The Ryōjin Hishō of Twelfth-century Japan. Berkeley, Los Angeles, London: University of California Press. p. 160. ISBN 9780520080669.
- ^ Caporale, Gaetano (1885). Il martirio e culto dei santi Conone e figlio protettori della città di Acerra (in Italian). Tip. del Lampo. p. 63.
- ^ Theuws, Frans; Roymans, Nico (1999). Land and Ancestors: Cultural Dynamics in the Urnfield Period and the Middle Ages in the Southern Netherlands. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. p. 331. ISBN 9789053562789.
- ^ Woodward, Bernard Bolingbroke; Cates, William Leist Readwin (1872). Encyclopaedia of Chronology: Historical and Biographical. London: Lee and Shepard. p. 875.
- ^ Van, K. Dijck-Mulier (1992). "[The tomb monuments of the Dukes of Brabant (12th-14th century)]". Verhandelingen - Koninklijke Academie voor Geneeskunde van Belgie. 54 (5): 395–412. ISSN 0302-6469. PMID 1288029.
- ^ Dimnik, M. (2011). "The dynastic rivalry for Kursk (1054 to the 1150s)". Сіверщина в історії України. 4: 94. ISSN 2218-4805.
On 18 February 1139 Yaropolk Vladimirovich died in Kiev and was succeeded by his brother Vyacheslav
- ^ Martin, Janet (2006). "Calculating Seniority and the Contests for Succession in Kievan Rus'". Russian History. 33 (2/4): 267–281. doi:10.1163/187633106X00168. ISSN 0094-288X. JSTOR 24664444.
After Monomakh's death, his sons, Mstislav (1125-1132) and Iaropolk (1132-1139), held the throne
- ^ Barber, Malcolm (2004). The Two Cities: Medieval Europe 1050–1320 (Second ed.). London and New York: Routledge. p. 506. ISBN 9781134687503.
- ^ Leyser, Karl (1982). Medieval German and Its Neighbours, 900-1250. London: A&C Black. p. 282. ISBN 9780907628088.
- ^ Stalley, R. A. (September 20, 2017). "A Twelfth-Century Patron of Architecture". Journal of the British Archaeological Association. 34: 62–83. doi:10.1080/00681288.1971.11894910.
- ^ Crosby, E. (2013). The King's Bishops: The Politics of Patronage in England and Normandy, 1066–1216. The New Middle Ages. New York: Springer. ISBN 9781137352125.
- ^ Davis, R. H. C. (1991). From Alfred the Great to Stephen. London and Rio Grande: A&C Black. p. 251. ISBN 9781852850456.
- ^ Lee, Lily Xiao Hong; Wiles, Sue (2014). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: Tang Through Ming, 618-1644. Armonk, NY and London: M.E. Sharpe. p. 450. ISBN 9780765643162.