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104th United States Congress

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104th United States Congress
103rd ←
→ 105th
United States Capitol (1996)
January 3, 1995 – January 3, 1997
Members100 senators
435 representatives
5 non-voting delegates
Senate majorityRepublican
Senate PresidentAl Gore (D)
House majorityRepublican
House SpeakerNewt Gingrich (R)
Sessions
1st: January 4, 1995 – January 3, 1996
2nd: January 3, 1996 – October 4, 1996

The 104th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 1995, to January 3, 1997, during the third and fourth years of Bill Clinton's presidency. Apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1990 United States census.

Both chambers had Republican majorities for the first time since the 83rd Congress in 1953. Major events included passage of elements of the Contract with America and a budget impasse between Congress and the Clinton administration that resulted in the federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996.

Major events

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Main articles: 1995 in the United States, 1996 in the United States, and 1997 in the United States
  • January 3, 1995: Republicans gained control of both houses for the first time since 1955.
  • January 31, 1995: President Clinton invoked emergency powers to extend a $20 billion loan to help Mexico avert financial collapse.
  • April 19, 1995: Oklahoma City bombing
  • August 30, 1995: NATO began Operation Deliberate Force against Serbs in Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • November 14–19, 1995: U.S. government shutdown
  • December 16, 1995 – January 6, 1996: U.S. government shutdown
  • November 5, 1996: Re-election of President Bill Clinton; Democrats gained 8 seats in House; Republicans gained 2 seats in Senate.

Major legislation

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President Bill Clinton signing welfare reform legislation
Main article: List of United States federal legislation
See also: List of acts of the 104th United States Congress

Party summary

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Senate

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Party standings on the opening day of the 104th Congress
  47 Democratic Senators
  53 Republican Senators
Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
 Republican
End of previous congress 53 47 100 0
Begin 47 53 100 0
End
Final voting share 47.0% 53.0%
Beginning of next congress 45 55 100 0

House of Representatives

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Party
(shading shows control) 		Total Vacant
Democratic
 Independent
Republican
End of previous congress 256 1 177 434 1
Begin 204 1 230 435 0
End 197 235 4332
Final voting share 45.5% 0.2% 54.3%
Non-voting members 4 10 5
Beginning of next congress 207 1 227 435 0
Senators' party membership by state at the opening of the 104th Congress in January 1995
  2 Democrats
  1 Democrat and 1 Republican
  2 Republicans

Leadership

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Senate

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Senate President
Al Gore
Al Gore (D)
Senate President pro Tempore
Strom Thurmond
Strom Thurmond (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

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Minority (Democratic) leadership

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House of Representatives

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Speaker of the House
Newt Gingrich
Newt Gingrich (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

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Minority (Democratic) leadership

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Caucuses

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Members

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Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

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In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1996; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1998; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 2000.

House of Representatives

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The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.

Changes in membership

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Senate

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See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
Senate changes
State
(class) 		Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[a]


Colorado
(3) 		Ben Nighthorse Campbell (D) Changed party March 3, 1995 Ben Nighthorse Campbell (R) March 3, 1995
Oregon
(3) 		Bob Packwood (R) Resigned September 7, 1995 after the Senate Ethics Committee recommended expulsion 6-0 over Packwood's sexual misconduct. Successor elected January 30, 1996 to the remainder of the term ending on January 3, 1999. Ron Wyden (D) Seated February 6, 1996
Kansas
(3) 		Bob Dole (R) Incumbent resigned on June 11, 1996, to campaign for the Presidency.
Successor was appointed the same day to continue the term. 		Sheila Frahm (R) June 11, 1996
Kansas
(3) 		Sheila Frahm (R) Interim appointee lost nomination.
Successor elected November 5, 1996 to the remainder of the term ending on January 3, 1999. 		Sam Brownback (R) November 6, 1996

House of Representatives

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See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
House changes
District Vacated by Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[a]


Georgia 9th Nathan Deal (D) Changed party April 10, 1995 Nathan Deal (R) April 10, 1995
Texas 14th Greg Laughlin (D) Changed party June 26, 1995 Greg Laughlin (R) June 26, 1995
Louisiana 3rd Billy Tauzin (D) Changed party August 8, 1995 Billy Tauzin (R) August 8, 1995
Illinois 2nd Mel Reynolds (D) Resigned October 1, 1995 Jesse Jackson Jr. (D) December 15, 1995
California 15th Norman Mineta (D) Resigned October 10, 1995 Tom Campbell (R) December 12, 1995
Mississippi 4th Michael Parker (D) Changed party November 10, 1995 Michael Parker (R) November 10, 1995
Louisiana 7th Jimmy Hayes (D) Changed party December 1, 1995 Jimmy Hayes (R) December 1, 1995
California 37th Walter R. Tucker III (D) Resigned December 15, 1995, due to scandals during his past tenure as Mayor of Compton Juanita Millender-McDonald (D) March 26, 1996
Oregon 3rd Ron Wyden (D) Resigned February 6, 1996, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Earl Blumenauer (D) May 21, 1996
Maryland 7th Kweisi Mfume (D) Resigned February 15, 1996, to become CEO of the NAACP Elijah Cummings (D) April 16, 1996
Missouri 8th Bill Emerson (R) Died June 22, 1996 Jo Ann Emerson (I/R) November 5, 1996
Kansas 2nd Sam Brownback (R) Resigned November 27, 1996, retroactive to November 7 after being elected to the US Senate Jim Ryun (R) November 27, 1996
Arkansas 2nd Ray Thornton (D) Resigned January 1, 1997 Vacant Vacant for remainder of term
Arkansas 3rd Tim Hutchinson (R) Resigned January 2, 1997, after being elected to the US Senate

Committees

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Lists of committees and their party leaders for members of the House and Senate committees can be found through the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of this article. The directory after the pages of terms of service lists committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and, after that, House/Senate committee assignments. On the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

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House of Representatives

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Joint committees

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Employees

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Legislative branch agency directors

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Senate

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House of Representatives

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ a b When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References

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  1. ^ "Historian Newt Gingrich Responsible For Decade Long Lack Of Official House Historian". wordpress.com. January 25, 2012. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
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